- Monotheism: Islam is a monotheistic religion, believing in the existence of one God (Allah), who is the creator and sustainer of the univers
- 2. The Prophet Muhammad: Muslims believe that Prophet Muhammad is the final prophet and messenger of God. He received revelations from Allah, which were recorded in the Quran.
3. The Quran: The Quran is the holy book of Islam, believed to be the literal word of God, as revealed to Prophet Muhammad over 23 years.
4. The Five Pillars of Islam: The Five Pillars of Islam are the core beliefs and practices: Shahada (faith), Salat (prayer), Zakat (charity), Sawm (fasting during Ramadan), and Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca).
5. Prayer (Salat): Muslims are required to pray five times a day: at dawn, midday, afternoon, sunset, and night. These prayers are a direct link to God.
6. Ramadan: Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, during which Muslims fast from dawn until sunset as an act of worship and self-discipline.
7. The Kaaba: The Kaaba, located in the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, is the most sacred site in Islam. Muslims face the Kaaba during their prayers, regardless of where they are in the world.
8. Hajj: Hajj is an annual pilgrimage to Mecca that every Muslim must perform at least once in their lifetime, provided they are physically and financially able.
9. Sharia: Sharia is a system of Islamic law derived from the Quran and Hadith (sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad). It covers all aspects of a Muslim's life, including moral conduct, family life, and dietary laws.
10. Islamic Calendar: The Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar, which is about 10-12 days shorter than the Gregorian calendar. This is why Islamic holidays like Ramadan shift each year in relation
to the Gregorian calendar.
